WW2 Press 39-45 "FRANC TIREUR" # 1035 / 29 November 1947 General Leclerc Death

Description: [WW2 PRESS - 39/45]Franc-Stireur At the Vanguard of the Republic Rare! 7th year - No. 1035Saturday November 29, 1947"Death of General LECLERC..."- First PrintingOriginal Edition In-Folio, (approximately 60x43cm), 2pp. (1 sheet printed double-sided)-Newsprint yellowed as alwayscopy folded in 4, folds and various small tears, folds on folds and on edges, small holes, etc.Average condition, clean cf. visuals... Very Rare DocumentSold in as described, as found condition“Franc-Stireur” Franc-Tireur is a resistance movement founded in Lyon in November 1940 under the name “France Liberté”, renamed “Franc-Tireur” in December 1941 on the proposal of Jean-Jacques Soudeille. The leader of the movement was Jean-Pierre Lévy.Le Franc-Tireur is also the name of the movement's clandestine newspaper, which had thirty-seven issues from December 1941 to August 1944.Under the aegis of Jean Moulin, the movement merged with Libération-Sud and Combat to form the United Movements of the Resistance (MUR).Franc-Tireur is the movement in the southern zone which has the most ties to Lyon. Founded in 1941 by a group of men from diverse backgrounds, it is a movement bringing together personalities with the same political sensibility, an opposition to the armistice and, from the beginning, to Marshal Pétain himself.Birth and early lifeThe initiators of the movement meet at home or during card games at the “Moulin Jolie” café, Place des Terreaux. The first members are Antoine Avinin, member of JEUNE Republic and left-wing Catholic, Auguste Pinton, former municipal councilor, Élie Péju and Jean-Jacques Soudeille, former communists turned radicals.They and a few others regrouped and founded a movement at the end of November 1940 that they called “France-Liberté” whose aim is to fight against government propaganda and to mobilize against defeat and the authoritarian order that is taking hold. The group began by writing leaflets against the Nazis and Pétain which, due to lack of resources, were limited to small numbers of hand-typed copies.Jean-Pierre Lévy and the birth of the newspaperThe group took off with the arrival of Jean-Pierre Lévy, an Alsatian refugee who brought a mimeograph machine in the spring of 1941 and launched the idea of growing its distribution force by publishing a real newspaper.With the support of the printer Henri Chevalier, the first copy was released in December 1941 in a run of 6,000 copies. It is printed on four pages in 21 by 27.5 cm format. The title Franc-Tireur is an allusion to the groups of volunteers who were formed in 1870 outside legal frameworks to defend the homeland and the Republic. The tone is humorous and offensive against the marshal and the Germans. The themes defended are opposition to the new order and the occupier, the denunciation of these misdeeds, the call for resistance from all people of good will. The conclusion of its number 1 is “A single task is required: resist, organize”.Development of the movementThe group becomes a movement that seeks to act more than simply through weapons of the mind. Jean-Pierre Lévy thus made contact with emissaries from London such as Léon Morandat and the leaders of other movements. Having as a commercial executive profession, Lévy has coverage to move around and he creates branches in the Rhône-Alpes region, and more broadly wherever he has solid relationships. He is heavily helped by his family, such as his sister and his brother-in-law, who are establishing the movement in Roanne. The movement quickly took shape in the Loire, the Mediterranean coast, Cantal and, more lightly, in Languedoc-Roussillon and the Toulouse region5.Log extensionQuickly, at the head of the newspaper was a professional man, Georges Altman, journalist from Le Progrès. He is effectively assisted by Élie Péju. The newspaper is improving to become a regular and professional organ for the dissemination of ideas. Its printing locations are multiplying: Lyon, Saint-Étienne, Morez, Albi, Bordeaux, Valence, etc. After setting up offices at no. 19 boulevard de Sébastopol in Paris in August 1943, the newspaper was printed there from February 1944. The circulation increased constantly, going from 15,000 in April 1942 to 30,000 in November, then 100,000 in September 1943 and 150,000 copies in August 1944.The tone of the newspaper is very offensive, both towards the Germans and the men of Vichy. Very early on, the fate of the Jews was denounced, notably with a leaflet produced in August 1942 to protest against the Vél' d'Hiv' roundup and an article from February 1944 detailing the Nazi concentration camps. Conversely, democracy and the republican regime are defended in each issue. The team, through the newspaper, encourages the population to gather for each commemorative event and thus demonstrate their opposition to the situation; whether for July 14 or November 11. The newspaper has a very stable editorial team, but from time to time welcomes outside writers such as Jean Nocher, Albert Bayet or Marc Bloch (executed by the Gestapo on June 165, 1944), the latter two eventually becoming full members. of movement.Military actionsIn 1942, the movement decided to no longer be content with words and organized actions of sabotage, hiding places for fugitives or providing information.They were notable in particular for an important coordinated action in November 1942 in Lyon, Clermont-Ferrand, Roanne, Limoges, Périgueux and Vichy. In December 1942, they managed to cause serious damage to the France-Rayonne factory. From the summer of 1942, Jean-Pierre Lévy and his contacts in Grenoble Léon Martin and Aimé Pupin began to organize hideouts in Isère to hide young people who refused to go to Germany. Franc-Tireur was created in Lyon in December 1941, by a group composed of Élie Péju (formerly of l'Humanité),Georges Altman, Marc Bloch and Yves Farges (known as “Grégoire”). It was printed clandestinely in Lyon, rue VieilleMonnaie,by Eugène Pons (the latter was deported and died in Neuengamme, Germany). Franc-Tireur was one of themost influential among the underground dailies born from the Resistance: he gave his support to General de Gaulle andchaired the permanent office of the National Federation of the Clandestine Press (created in November 1943). In 1945,Franc-Tireur set up shop in the former printing house of L'Intransigeant, located at 100, rue Réaumur, Paris-IIe.Daily morning, its circulation rose successively to 60,000 copies (1941), 150,000 (1942), 165,000 (1944),182000 (1945), 350000 (1947) and 370000 (1948). Its motto was “Franc-Tireur is not the newspaper of a Party, it is anewspaper that takes sides.” In October 1948, a split occurred in the management committee, part of whichof members wanted a more left-wing political orientation: the opponents, resigned, joinedRelease. On November 18, 1957, Franc-Tireur was bought by Cino del Duca, a publisher specializing in the press of the heart; it changed its title to now be called Paris-Journal. ; it changed its title to now be called Paris-Journal. The following year, Péju and Altman, founders of FrancTireur, resigned.To be continued on ebay...other rare period magazines and documents from the same provenance will be sold soonconcerning the Press at the Liberation of Paris in 1944, at the Surrender of Germany in 1945 and at the end of the Second World War, and also concerning the pre- and post-war- As always, you can request combined shipping costs when purchasing several books or documents... 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